Efficacy of a high concentration of nano silver fluoride in preventing caries: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: To investigate the effectiveness of a novel agent containing Nano Silver Fluoride 1500 (NSF 1500) and chitosan to inactivate carious lesions in children. Material and Methods: The study included eighty children. While both groups had fluoride dentifrice applied to their teeth, only the experimental group received treatment with the NSF 1500-ppm solution. The first and sixth-month interval examinations were conducted by two calibrated dentists (k = 0.85). Results: The NSF 1500 group had 69.2% of their teeth with arrested decay, while the control group had 24.1%. The difference was statistically significant (p 0.001), with a preventive fraction of 59.4%. The number needed to treat (NNT) was approximately two. The NSF 1500 formulation was more effective than toothbrushing alone with fluoridated dentifrice in preventing dental caries. Conclusions: The effectiveness of NSF 1500 is determined by the size and depth of the dental cavity. Its ability to arrest caries lesions was comparable to previously tested products, NSF 400 and NSF 600. Key words:Preventive dentistry, dental caries, nanoparticles.

Coast-or Inland Residence and Differences in the Occurrence of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate.

OBJETIVE: To analyze if differences in lifestyle and environment between coastal and inland areas are associated with differences in frequency of orofacial cleft types. DESIGN: Populational cross-sectional study. SETTING: All live borns with orofacial cleft registered at Brazilian Live Birth Information System between 1999 and 2020. PARTICIPANTS: 33,699 live borns with orofacial cleft. INTERVENTION: Data from borns with orofacial cleft were collected at Brazilian Live Birth Information System. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Differences in frequencies between the cleft types and covariates were determined using chi-square. Bivariate analysis was done to obtain the prevalence ratio of types of clefts by geographic origin. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine adjusted odds ratios, controlling for covariates, establishing a significance level of p value <0.05. RESULTS: The frequency of cleft types was statistically significant different according to geographic origin (inland x coast). For syndromic clefts, the prevalence ratio for cleft lip with/without palate was 3.6 times higher inland (p value = 0.000). Regarding non-syndromics, the prevalence ratio for cleft lip with/without palate was two times higher inland (p value = 0.000). Logistic regression suggested cleft lip with/without palate was 6.33 more likely to occur in inland regions (p value = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Geographic origin was associated with the type of cleft in Brazil, with a higher prevalence of cleft lip with/without palate in inland areas, compared to cleft palate, which was higher in the coast.

Sense of Coherence and Oral Health in Children and Adolescents: a Scoping Review.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review the published studies that address the sense of coherence and its relationship with the oral health of children and adolescents. METHODS: This scoping review was structured according to the review method proposed by the Joanna Brigs Institute and conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The research was carried out in the following databases: Medline/ Pubmed®, Lilacs®, Scopus©, Cochrane©, Web of Science©, and Embase©. RESULTS: In this search, 358 studies were found, seven in Cochrane, 90 in PubMed®, three in Lilacs®, 101 in Web of Science©, 80 in Scopus©, and 77 in Embase©, totaling 24 publications. The studies were published in nine countries, most of them cross-sectional studies. CONCLUSIONS: Most studies have shown that a high sense of coherence (SOC) of both the caregiver and the child/adolescent is related to better oral health behaviors and a lower caries index. No conclusive information was observed on the relationship between SOC and periodontal diseases.

Nanoencapsulated fluoride as a remineralization option for dental erosion: an in vitro study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the in vitro performance of different dentifrices indicated for dental erosion and a new dentifrice with controlled fluoride release system (NanoF) in terms of surface microhardness remineralization in enamel erosion lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 72 human enamel specimens were divided into 6 groups (n = 12): PC (100% NaF - positive control); NC (Placebo - negative control); 50%nF (50% NanoF + 50% free NaF), 100%nF (100% NanoF); PN (Sensodyne® ProNamel™) and AG (Colgate® Sensitive Pro-Relief™). A surface microhardness analysis was performed before (SH0) and after (SH1) the erosion lesion formation. The blocks were submitted to a 5-day de-remineralization cycling model, consisting of 90 s immersion on 0.1% citric acid (4x/day) and 1 min treatment with dentifrice slurries along with 1 mL/block of human saliva (2x/day). Lastly, the final surface microhardness analysis (SH2) was measured and the percentage of surface microhardness remineralization (%SMHR) was calculated. Data were analysed with 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < .05). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed for SH2 and %SMHR between NC and AG with the other groups (p < .05). The best %SMHR from the experimental groups was found in 100%nF and PN. CONCLUSION: Dentifrices with NanoF exhibited a surface microhardness remineralization similar to sodium fluoride (PC). Therefore, NanoF dentifrice can be an alternative to prevent and treat patients with dental erosion.